Sudanese Arabic and Ethiopic Common Words

Overview

Ethiopia and Sudan share a long and complex common history dating back to antiquity, marked by periods of trade and cultural exchange, Ethiopia's main trade routes ran west through Sudan (ancient Nubia/Kush) to Egypt and the Mediterranean. The name "Ethiopia" was sometimes used by ancient Greeks to refer primarily to the people of the Nile Valley, in what is now Sudan, before it denoted the modern highland nation.

There are common words and linguistic similarities between languages spoken in Ethiopia and Sudanese colloquial Arabic, primarily due to shared "Semitic" linguistic roots, geographical proximity, and historical interactions. Amharic and Tigrinya are the major languages in the Ethiopian and Eritrean highlands, they share many cognates (words with a common origin) and similar grammatical structures, Sudanese Arabic, on the other hand, has a significant amount of vocabulary borrowed from local African languages.

Technical Specifications

Sample downloads:

This database is part of the larger Database of Arabic Words of Ethiopic Origin (Amharic), in more details.

Reference: DBCOLETSD

Entries: 1500+

Last updated: 13/2/2026

Field Definitions

Ethiopic: Amharic entry
Arabic: Sudanese colloquial Arabic parallel word
Language: Ethiopic language, ISO 639-3 three-letter code
ETIPA: Reading for Ethiopic (International Phonetic Alphabet)
ARIPA: Reading for Sudanese Arabic (International Phonetic Alphabet)
Gloss: English meaning of the Ethiopic entry

Sample
ID Ethiopic Arabic Language ETIPA ARIPA Gloss
1 አርቲ፡ቡርቲ أرْتِ amh /ʔɛrɨti፡burɨti/ /ʔrti/ ritual, incantation
2 አሰልቺ أصْنَج amh /ʔɛsɛlɨtʃ/ /ʔsˤnadʒ/ dull
3 ባቡር بَابُور amh /baburɨ/ /baːbuːr/ train
4 ባሽ بَايِظ amh /baʃ/ /baːjiðˤ/ get worse
5 ብራቅ بَرَّاق amh /bɨraːkʼ/ /baraːq/ flash of light
6 ብራ بَرَّة amh /bɨraː/ /barra/ day light, sun-drenched, sunlight day or weather
7 በሽተኛ بَشْتَنة amh /bɛʃɨtɛɲa/ /baʃtana/ invalid, unwell person, ill person
8 በዝባዥ بَلْبَاص amh /bɛzɨbaʒ/ /balbaːsˤ/ robber, one who takes selfish or unfair advantage of another
9 ወንበር بَنْبَر amh /wɛnɨbɛr/ /banbar/ seat with back
10 ብርቱካን بُرْتُكان amh /bɨrɨtukan/ /burtukan/ citrus fruit (orange)
11 ዳዴ تَاتِي amh /dade/ /taːtiː/ walking on four
12 ትጥቅ تِتِك amh /tɨtˤɨkʼ/ /titik/ tools, uncials, ammunition
13 ትግል تِقِل amh /tɨgɨl/ /tiqil/ great effort, rebellion
14 ጨቀጨቀ تشَكْتشَكَ amh /tʃɛkʼɛtʃɛkʼɛ/ /tʃaktʃaka/ nag, pester, get into an argument
15 ጀበና جَبَنَة amh /dʒɛbɛna/ /dʒabana/ small pot for making coffee
16 ቀለህ جُلَّة amh /kʼɛlɛh/ /dʒulla/ shotgun shell, bullet, projectile
17 ጁሀ جُوخ amh /dʒuhɛ/ /dʒuːχ/ cloth made of soft wool
18 ካባ جِبَّة amh /kaba/ /dʒibba/ shroud, mantle, cloak, veil, cover
19 አውሪ حُوَار amh /ʔɛwɨr/ /ħuwaːr/ talk, describe
20 ሐተታ حِتِيتة amh /hɛtɛta/ /ħiteta/ details, particulars, information, the whole story
21 ድመራ دَامْرَة amh /dɨmɛraː/ /daːmra/ totaling
22 ደፈረ دَفَرَ amh /dɛfɛrɛ/ /dafara/ dare
23 ደፋሪ دَفَّار amh /dɛfar/ /daffaːr/ dare
24 ዶለዶመ دَلْدَمَ amh /dolɛdomɛ/ /daldama/ be blunt
25 ደነቀረ دَنْقَرَ amh /dɛnɛkʼɛrɛ/ /danqara/ stick into
26 ዱልዱም دُلْدُم amh /dulɨdum/ /duldum/ unsharpened, not bright
27 ዶልዷማ دُلْدُمَة amh /dolɨdoamaː/ /dulduma/ unsharpened, not bright
28 ዛር زَار amh /zar/ /zaːr/ an evil spirit that makes people yell or shout
29 ሰብሳቢ سَبّاب amh /sɛbɨsab/ /sabbaːb/ person who collects money
30 ሴት سِت amh /set/ /sit/ female
31 ስርቅታ شَرْقَة amh /sɨrɨkʼɨta/ /ʃarqa/ hiccough, hiccup
32 ሽፍትነት شَفْتَنَة amh /ʃɨfɨtɨnɛt/ /ʃaftana/ insurgence
33 ሾተል شَوتَال amh /ʃotɛl/ /ʃawtaːl/ glaive dagger, sword
34 ሸላይ شَيَّال amh /ʃɛlaːj/ /ʃajjːal/ chant war songs
35 ጭገር شِعْرَة amh /tʃɨgɛr/ /ʃiʕra/ hair of a person around the genital organs
36 ፖሊስ፡ጣቢያ طَابِية بُولِيس amh /polisɨ፡tˤabija/ /tˤaːbiːja buːliːs/ office of a local police officer
37 ጠነባ طَنْبَج amh /tˤɛnɛba/ /tˤanbadʒ/ emit a bad smell, as in decay
38 አምና عَامَن amh /ʔɛmɨna/ /ʕaːman/ the previous year
39 ፈንጋይ فَنْقَال amh /fɛnɨgaj/ /fanqaːl/ upset, over turn
40 ፈነገለ فَنْقَلَ amh /fɛnɛgɛlɛ/ /fangala/ upset, over turn
41 ፈንግሎ فَنْقَلة amh /fɛnɨgɨlo/ /fangala/ upset, over turn
42 ፍንጃል فِنْجَال amh /fɨnɨdʒal/ /findʒaːl/ cup
43 ጅራፍ قُرَاف amh /dʒɨraːf/ /quraːf/ whip used by farmers for urging an ox on
44 ቅርቃብ قُرْقاب amh /kʼɨrɨkʼab/ /qurqaːb/ loop, rope-like material used to tie a pack (load)
45 ቅል قُلَّة amh /kʼɨl/ /qulla/ container, vessel, carafe
46 ቀረፋ قِرْفة amh /kʼɛrɛfa/ /qirfa/ cinnamon
47 በግ بِج amh /bɛg/ /bɪd͡ʒ/ lamb
48 ገዛሚ كَزّام amh /gɛzami/ /kəzːzaːm/ ruler
49 ገዘገዝ قَزْقَزة amh /gɛzɛgɛz/ /qəzqəza/ slow down
50 ድርድር دَرْدَرة amh /dɨrdr/ /dərdəra/ negotiation, bargaining
51 ወዲ وَدْ tir /wɛdi/ /wad/ son
52 ቈልዓ قَلَّع tir /kʼoalɨʕa/ /qəlːləʕ/ child
53 እትየ التاية tir /ətɨja/ /ʔtaːiːa/ lady
54 ደቅስ دَقَس tir /dɛkʼɨs/ /dəgəs/ sleep
55 ስራሕ سَرْحة tir /sɨraːħ/ /sərħa/ job
56 ብሓንሳእ بالتَحْنِيس tir /bɨħaːnɨsa/ /bʔtəħniːs/ jointly
57 ጠንጠነ طَنْطَنَ tir /tˤɛnɨtˤɛnɛ/ /tˤəntˤənə/ to abandon
58 ረጥረጠ رَتْرَت tir /rɛtˤɨrɛtˤɛ/ /rətrət/ to abandon
59 ነሃረ نَهْر tir /nɛhaːrɛ/ /nəhr/ accelerate, to
60 ኣበርትዐ يبَرْطِع tir /ɑbɛrɨtɨʕɛ/ /jbərtˤɪʕ/ aggrevate
61 ትንተና تَنْتَنَة tir /tɨnɨtɛnaː/ /təntənaː/ analysis
62 ተቐልቀለ تَقلْقَل tir /tɛqlɨkʼɛlɛ/ /təglgəl/ appear
63 ኣንጨብጨብ يِجَبْجِب tir /ɑnɨtʃɛbɨtʃɛb/ /jɪtʃəbtʃɪb/ applaud
64 ጨብጨባ جَبْجَبَة tir /tʃɛbɨtʃɛbaː/ /tʃəbtʃəbaː/ applause
65 ተኸራኸረ خَرْخَرَ tir /tɛχɛraːχɛrɛ/ /χərχərə/ argue
66 ደቀሰ دَقْس tir /dɛkʼɛsɛ/ /dəgs/ asleep
67 ድቃስ دَاقِس tir /dɨkʼaːs/ /dɑːgɪs/ asleep
68 ሃዋህው هَواء tir /haːwaːhɨw/ /həuːɑː/ atmosphere
71 ሽፍታ شِفْتَا tir /ʃɨfɨtaː/ /ʃɪftɑ/ bandit
72 ዉሕዉሕ هَوْهَوَ tir /wuħɨwuħ/ /həwhəuːə/ bark
73 ዘምቢል زَمْبِيل tir /zɛmɨbil/ /zəmbiːl/ basket
74 ሳምቡቕ سُمْبُك tir /saːmɨbuq/ /sumbuk/ boat
75 ደፋር دَافِر tir /dɛfaːr/ /dɑːfɪr/ bold
76 ኣጣቕዐ طَقَع tir /ɑtˤaːqʕɛ/ /tˤəgəʕ/ clap
77 በርትዕ بَرْطَاع tir /bɛrɨtɨʕ/ /bərtˤɑːʕ/ courageous
78 ግብረይ جُبْراكة tir /gɨbɨrɛj/ /d͡ʒubraːka/ works
79 ገይሸ غَاشِي tir /gɛjɨʃɛ/ /ɣɑːʃi/ stranger
80 ቀፊር غَفِير tir /kʼɛfir/ /ɣəfiːr/ watch
81 ይጽበዩ يَصُب tir /jɨsʼɨbɛju/ /jəsˤub/ wait
82 ጉረሮ كُوراك tir /gurɛro/ /kuːraːk/ throat
83 ጉሮሮ كُوراك amh /guroro/ /kuːraːk/ throat
84 ጎሮሮኻ كُورَاك tir /gororoχaː/ /kuːrɑːk/ throat
85 ክህነትን كُهْنَة tir /kɨhɨnɛtɨn/ /kuhnaː/ worn
86 ንጋሻ نَكْش tir /nɨgaːʃaː/ /nəkʃ/ abuse
87 ናእሽቱን نَتْشَة tir /naːɨʃɨtun/ /nətʃaː/ small
88 ንእሽቶይ نَتْشَة tir /nɨʃɨtoj/ /nətʃaː/ small
89 ትንሽ نَتْشَة amh /tɨnʃ/ /nətʃaː/ small
90 ንሕና نِحْنَا tir /nɨħɨnaː/ /nɪħnɑ/ we
91 ስራሕ سَرْحَة tir /sɨraːħ/ /sərħaː/ work
92 ጥንቁቕ طَنْقَاع tir /tˤɨnɨkʼuq/ /tˤəngɑːʕ/ careful
93 ጥንቁቕ طَنْقَاع tir /tˤɨnɨkʼuq/ /tˤəngɑːʕ/ cautious
94 ትም تِمْ tir /tɨm/ /tɪm/ silent
95 እኔና أنينَا tir /ənenaː/ /ʔaniːnɑ/ we
96 አጠራጠረ أطْرَى amh /ətˤɛraːtˤɛrɛ/ /ʔatˤraː/ lead to think
97 ተጠራጢሩ፣ አጠራጠሩ أطْرَى tir /tɛtˤɛraːtˤiru, ətˤɛraːtˤɛru/ /ʔatˤraː/ lead to think