# Kalmasoft Databases
# Database of Sudanese Arabic and Ethiopic Common Words
# References: www.kalmasoft.com/KLEX/dbcoletsd.htm
# Resources: Lexical Data Repository of the Ge'ez Frontier Foundation https://github.com/geezorg/data/tree/master; HornMorpho is part of the L3 Project http://www.cs.indiana.edu/~gasser/Research/projects.html; Carl W. Isenberg, Grammar of the Amharic Language
# Related works: www.kalmasoft.com/KLEX/dbamara.htm
# Created: 1/28/2026 9:46 AM
# Updated: 2/13/2026 6:21 PM
# Encoding: UTF8
# Delimiter: TAB
# Total entries: 3,500+
# Copyright ©1999-2025 Kalmasoft www.kalmasoft.com
# Contact: infokalmasoft.com
# =========================================
# Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International license.
# This is a work in progress, not completed, any citations for academic purposes should include the date when the file was downloaded.
# =========================================
# Attributes:
#	ID: 6 digits identification number, [ES#####]
#	Ethiopic: Ethiopic entry
#	Arabic: Sudanese colloquial Arabic parallel word
#	Language: Ethiopic language, ISO 639-3 three-letter code
#	ETIPA: Reading for Ethiopic (International Phonetic Alphabet)
#	ARIPA: Reading for Arabic (International Phonetic Alphabet)
#	Gloss: English meaning of the Ethiopic entry
# =========================================
ID	Ethiopic	Arabic	Language	ETIPA	ARIPA	Gloss
ES00001	አርቲ፡ቡርቲ	أرْتِ	amh	/ʔɛrɨti፡burɨti/	/ʔrti/	ritual, incantation
ES00002	አሰልቺ	أصْنَج	amh	/ʔɛsɛlɨtʃ/	/ʔsˤnadʒ/	dull
ES00003	ባቡር	بَابُور	amh	/baburɨ/	/baːbuːr/	train
ES00004	ባሽ	بَايِظ	amh	/baʃ/	/baːjiðˤ/	get worse
ES00005	ብራቅ	بَرَّاق	amh	/bɨraːkʼ/	/baraːq/	flash of light
ES00006	ብራ	بَرَّة	amh	/bɨraː/	/barra/	day light, sun-drenched, sunlight day or weather
ES00007	በሽተኛ	بَشْتَنة	amh	/bɛʃɨtɛɲa/	/baʃtana/	invalid, unwell person, ill person
ES00008	በዝባዥ	بَلْبَاص	amh	/bɛzɨbaʒ/	/balbaːsˤ/	robber, one who takes selfish or unfair advantage of another
ES00009	ወንበር	بَنْبَر	amh	/wɛnɨbɛr/	/banbar/	seat with back
ES00010	ብርቱካን	بُرْتُكان	amh	/bɨrɨtukan/	/burtukan/	citrus fruit (orange)
ES00011	ዳዴ	تَاتِي	amh	/dade/	/taːtiː/	walking on four
ES00012	ትጥቅ	تِتِك	amh	/tɨtˤɨkʼ/	/titik/	tools, uncials, ammunition
ES00013	ትግል	تِقِل	amh	/tɨgɨl/	/tiqil/	great effort, rebellion
ES00014	ጨቀጨቀ	تشَكْتشَكَ	amh	/tʃɛkʼɛtʃɛkʼɛ/	/tʃaktʃaka/	nag, pester, get into an argument
ES00015	ጀበና	جَبَنَة	amh	/dʒɛbɛna/	/dʒabana/	small pot for making coffee
ES00016	ቀለህ	جُلَّة	amh	/kʼɛlɛh/	/dʒulla/	shotgun shell, bullet, projectile
ES00017	ጁሀ	جُوخ	amh	/dʒuhɛ/	/dʒuːχ/	cloth made of soft wool
ES00018	ካባ	جِبَّة	amh	/kaba/	/dʒibba/	shroud, mantle, cloak, veil, cover
ES00019	አውሪ	حُوَار	amh	/ʔɛwɨr/	/ħuwaːr/	talk, describe
ES00020	ሐተታ	حِتِيتة	amh	/hɛtɛta/	/ħiteta/	details, particulars, information, the whole story
ES00021	ድመራ	دَامْرَة	amh	/dɨmɛraː/	/daːmra/	totaling
ES00022	ደፈረ	دَفَرَ	amh	/dɛfɛrɛ/	/dafara/	dare
ES00023	ደፋሪ	دَفَّار	amh	/dɛfar/	/daffaːr/	dare
ES00024	ዶለዶመ	دَلْدَمَ	amh	/dolɛdomɛ/	/daldama/	be blunt
ES00025	ደነቀረ	دَنْقَرَ	amh	/dɛnɛkʼɛrɛ/	/danqara/	stick into
ES00026	ዱልዱም	دُلْدُم	amh	/dulɨdum/	/duldum/	unsharpened, not bright
ES00027	ዶልዷማ	دُلْدُمَة	amh	/dolɨdoamaː/	/dulduma/	unsharpened, not bright
ES00028	ዛር	زَار	amh	/zar/	/zaːr/	an evil spirit that makes people yell or shout
ES00029	ሰብሳቢ	سَبّاب	amh	/sɛbɨsab/	/sabbaːb/	person who collects money
ES00030	ሴት	سِت	amh	/set/	/sit/	female
ES00031	ስርቅታ	شَرْقَة	amh	/sɨrɨkʼɨta/	/ʃarqa/	hiccough, hiccup
ES00032	ሽፍትነት	شَفْتَنَة	amh	/ʃɨfɨtɨnɛt/	/ʃaftana/	insurgence
ES00033	ሾተል	شَوتَال	amh	/ʃotɛl/	/ʃawtaːl/	glaive dagger, sword
ES00034	ሸላይ	شَيَّال	amh	/ʃɛlaːj/	/ʃajjːal/	chant war songs
ES00035	ጭገር	شِعْرَة	amh	/tʃɨgɛr/	/ʃiʕra/	hair of a person around the genital organs
ES00036	ፖሊስ፡ጣቢያ	طَابِية بُولِيس	amh	/polisɨ፡tˤabija/	/tˤaːbiːja buːliːs/	office of a local police officer
ES00037	ጠነባ	طَنْبَج	amh	/tˤɛnɛba/	/tˤanbadʒ/	emit a bad smell, as in decay
ES00038	አምና	عَامَن	amh	/ʔɛmɨna/	/ʕaːman/	the previous year
ES00039	ፈንጋይ	فَنْقَال	amh	/fɛnɨgaj/	/fanqaːl/	upset, over turn
ES00040	ፈነገለ	فَنْقَلَ	amh	/fɛnɛgɛlɛ/	/fangala/	upset, over turn
ES00041	ፈንግሎ	فَنْقَلة	amh	/fɛnɨgɨlo/	/fangala/	upset, over turn
ES00042	ፍንጃል	فِنْجَال	amh	/fɨnɨdʒal/	/findʒaːl/	cup
ES00043	ጅራፍ	قُرَاف	amh	/dʒɨraːf/	/quraːf/	whip used by farmers for urging an ox on
ES00044	ቅርቃብ	قُرْقاب	amh	/kʼɨrɨkʼab/	/qurqaːb/	loop, rope-like material used to tie a pack (load)
ES00045	ቅል	قُلَّة	amh	/kʼɨl/	/qulla/	container, vessel, carafe
ES00046	ቀረፋ	قِرْفة	amh	/kʼɛrɛfa/	/qirfa/	cinnamon
ES00047	ፊንጢጣ	قِنِّيطَة	amh	/finɨtˤitˤa/	/qinniːtˤa/	anus
ES00048	ካካ	كَاكا	amh	/kaka/	/kaːka/	excrement (a word used by children)
ES00049	ገበሎ	كَبَلو	amh	/gɛbɛlo/	/kabalu/	type of lizard
ES00050	ቀብቃባ	كَبْكَبَة	amh	/kʼɛbɨkʼaba/	/kabkaba/	inordinately stingy, penurious, niggardly
ES00051	ተንከተከተ	كَتْكَتَ	amh	/tɛnɨkɛtɛkɛtɛ/	/katkata/	laugh on and on
ES00052	ቈሪ	كَوْرَة	amh	/kʼoar/	/kawra/	blending pot made of wood
ES00053	ቁርጥማት	كُرْضُمة	amh	/kʼurɨtˤɨmaːt/	/kurdˤuma/	stiffness joints or muscles
ES00054	ቁማጭ	كُمْشَة	amh	/kʼumaːtʃ/	/kumʃa/	part, portion, snip
ES00055	አነቃናቂ	نَقْنَاق	amh	/ʔɛnɛkʼanakʼ/	/naqnaːq/	one who stirs, shakes up or disturbs
ES00056	ንቅነቃ	نَقْنَقة	amh	/nɨkʼɨnɛkʼa/	/naqnaqa/	disturbance, shake up, stir
ES00057	ነጋዴ	نَقادي	amh	/nɛgade/	/naqaːdi/	commercial dealer
ES00058	ንቅናቄ	نِقْنَاق	amh	/nɨkʼɨnakʼe/	/niqnaːq/	rebellion, revolt, unrest
ES00059	ሔደ	هَجَّ	amh	/hedɛ/	/hadʒdʒa/	go
ES00060	ሒድ	هِج	amh	/hid/	/hidʒ/	go
ES00061	ሒጅ	هِج	amh	/hidʒ/	/hidʒ/	go
ES00062	ይዶልዱል	يَدَلْدِم	amh	/jɨdolɨdul/	/jadaldim/	be blunt
ES00063	ይጠንባ	يَطَنْبِج	amh	/jɨtˤɛnɨba/	/jatˤanbidʒ/	emit a bad smell, as in decay
ES00064	ይታመቅ	يَعْمِك	amh	/jɨtamɛkʼ/	/jaʕmik/	squeeze, compress
ES00065	ይፈንግል	يَفَنْقِل	amh	/jɨfɛnɨgɨl/	/jafangil/	upset, over turn
ES00066	ይሔድ	يَهِج	amh	/jɨhed/	/jahidʒ/	go
ES00067	ገዛሚ	كَزّام	amh	/gɛzami/	/kəzːzaːm/	ruler
ES00068	ጠፋች	طَفَشَ	amh	/tˤɛfat͡ʃ/	/tˤəfəʃə/	disappear
ES00069	ገዘገዝ	قَزْقَزة	amh	/gɛzɛgɛz/	/qəzqəza/	slow down
ES00070	ድርድር	دَرْدَرة	amh	/dɨrdr/	/dərdəra/	negotiation, bargaining
ES00071	በግ	بِج	amh	/bɛg/	/bɪd͡ʒ/	lamb
ES00072	ደቅስ	دَقَس	tir	/dɛkʼs/	/dəgəs/	sleep
ES00073	ገዘገዝ	قَزْقَزة	amh	/gɛzɛgɛz/	/qəzqəza/	slow down
ES00074	ወዲ	وَدْ	tir	/wɛdi/	/wad/	son
ES00075	ቈልዓ	قَلَّع	tir	/kʼoalɨʕa/	/qəlːləʕ/	child
ES00076	እትየ	التاية	tir	/ətɨja/	/ʔtaːiːa/	lady
ES00077	ስራሕ	سَرْحة	tir	/sɨraːħ/	/sərħa/	job
ES00078	ብሓንሳእ	بالتَحْنِيس	tir	/bɨħaːnɨsa/	/bʔtəħniːs/	jointly
ES00079	ጠንጠነ	طَنْطَنَ	tir	/tˤɛnɨtˤɛnɛ/	/tˤəntˤənə/	to abandon
ES00080	ረጥረጠ	رَتْرَت	tir	/rɛtˤɨrɛtˤɛ/	/rətrət/	to abandon
ES00081	ነሃረ	نَهْر	tir	/nɛhaːrɛ/	/nəhr/	accelerate, to
ES00082	በርትዕ	بَرْطَاع	tir	/bɛrɨtɨʕ/	/bərtˤɑːʕ/	courageous
ES00083	ግብረይ	جُبْراكة	tir	/gɨbɨrɛj/	/d͡ʒubraːka/	works
ES00084	ገይሸ	غَاشِي	tir	/gɛjɨʃɛ/	/ɣɑːʃi/	stranger
ES00085	ቀፊር	غَفِير	tir	/kʼɛfir/	/ɣəfiːr/	watch
ES00086	ይጽበዩ	يَصُب	tir	/jɨsʼɨbɛju/	/jəsˤub/	wait
ES00087	ጉረሮ	كُوراك	tir	/gurɛro/	/kuːraːk/	throat 
ES00088	ጉሮሮ	كُوراك	amh	/guroro/	/kuːraːk/	throat 
ES00089	ጎሮሮኻ	كُورَاك	tir	/gororoχaː/	/kuːrɑːk/	throat
ES00090	ክህነትን	كُهْنَة	tir	/kɨhɨnɛtɨn/	/kuhnaː/	worn
ES00091	ንጋሻ	نَكْش	tir	/nɨgaːʃaː/	/nəkʃ/	abuse
ES00092	ናእሽቱን	نَتْشَة	tir	/naːɨʃɨtun/	/nətʃaː/	small
ES00093	ንእሽቶይ	نَتْشَة	tir	/nɨʃɨtoj/	/nətʃaː/	small
ES00094	ትንሽ	نَتْشَة	amh	/tɨnʃ/	/nətʃaː/	small
ES00095	ንሕና	نِحْنَا	tir	/nɨħɨnaː/	/nɪħnɑ/	we
ES00096	ስራሕ	سَرْحَة	tir	/sɨraːħ/	/sərħaː/	work
ES00097	ጥንቁቕ	طَنْقَاع	tir	/tˤɨnɨkʼuq/	/tˤəngɑːʕ/	careful
ES00098	ጥንቁቕ	طَنْقَاع	tir	/tˤɨnɨkʼuq/	/tˤəngɑːʕ/	cautious
ES00099	ትም	تِمْ	tir	/tɨm/	/tɪm/	silent
ES00100	እኔና	أنينَا	tir	/ənenaː/	/ʔaniːnɑ/	we
ES00101	አጠራጠረ	أطْرَى	amh	/ətˤɛraːtˤɛrɛ/	/ʔatˤraː/	lead to think
ES00102	ተጠራጢሩ፣ አጠራጠሩ	أطْرَى	tir	/tɛtˤɛraːtˤiru, ətˤɛraːtˤɛru/	/ʔatˤraː/	lead to think