United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names Letter Name UNGEGN ﺀ hamza ʼ, — ﺍ ʼalif ﺏ bāʼ b ﺕ tāʼ t ﺙ ṯāʼ th ﺝ ǧīm j ﺡ ḥāʼ ḩ ﺥ ḫāʼ kh ﺩ dāl d ﺫ ḏāl dh ﺭ rāʼ r ﺯ zāy z ﺱ sīn s ﺵ šīn sh ﺹ ṣād ş ﺽ ḍād ḑ ﻁ ṭāʼ ţ ﻅ ẓāʼ z̧ ﻉ ʻayn ʻ ﻍ ġayn gh ﻑ fāʼ f ﻕ qāf q ﻙ kāf k ﻝ lām l ﻡ mīm m ﻥ nūn n ﻩ hāʼ h ﻭ wāw w ﻱ yāʼ y ﺁ ʼalif mamdūda ā ﺓ tāʼ marbūṭa h, t ﻯ ʼalif maqṣūra y ﻻ lām ʼalif lā ﻼ ʼalif lām al-